And if we're interested in renaming them and cleaning up our table and maybe providing a name of status, status_description and status_type, we can pipe to a rename command and again use a wildcard. So if we take a look at our table, we have these three fields. Splunk will look for all of those fields that begin with that value and place them onto a table. We can specify that as the prefix followed by a wildcard. All of these fields begin with "root" followed by a dot symbol. Placing these fields on a table that begin with "root" instead of having to type out each of these fields, there is a shortcut where we can specify a wildcard in this table command for any fields that have the same prefix. Therefore we see a field here named, _description, and _type. Therefore it will work with this single raw event, and the fields in the sidebar and their names will be based on their location paths in the XML. If we pipe into the spath command alone, the input will default to _raw. However, we can automatically extract these fields by piping directly into the spath command. However, notice in the fields sidebar that we do not have any fields named status, status_description and status_type that we can use in our table command. We may want to place all of that information in a table. We can see that we have information about HTTP status codes, their description and their type. We can see here that this is an XML-formatted event that contains row elements all embedded within an opening and closing root element. This time we would like to take a look at a sourcetype of status_definitions within the systems index. Let's switch on over into running a brand new search. In this scenario, the IT team wants to create a table containing status, description, and status type from data in an XML file. Let's jump on over into a couple of examples using the spath command. If the index refers to an XML attribute, you must specify the attribute with an at symbol. In JSON, numbering begins with zero, and in XML, it begins with one. When we're specifying index, that is a position within an array in terms of discussing JSON or XML formatted data. What I'm specifically referring to when I mentioned location steps as a value of the path argument in the spath command is the field names and their position in the XML or JSON and the values that we'd like to extract from a position in the array using an index. Therefore, if it's not entirely JSON, what you could do is extract the part of the event that is JSON into a field using something like the rex command and then use spath to parse the field. Noe one thing to keep in mind is that Splunk will not parse out JSON unless the entire event is a JSON object. We can specify the location path of the values that we'd like to extract. Lastly, we have the path option here, and this path argument will allow specific values of a location path. It defaults to the value of the path argument, which defaults to extracting all fields from the first 5000 characters of the input option. The output will store the extracted information in this field. There may be instances where we'd like to extract data from a specific field whose values are XML or JSON formatted, which would be an example of providing an alternative field name to the input argument. By default, it is set to _raw, which is extracting information from the raw events. The input field is the field from which the data is being extracted. We can see these options syntax highlighted here in green, starting off with the input field. The spath command has a few options built in to it. Let's talk a little bit about the syntax for the spath command. We can pipe to a rename command after the spath command and rename these fields, or alternatively we could create an alias for them if we wanted them to be persistent renames. So for example, is going to follow this location path in the XML hierarchy. What we'll see here is the opening element followed by its subelements, and then the name of the field and its values. We can see some examples of those fields here, and they are named by their location paths, separated by periods. The fields will appear in your fields sidebar. We will take our XML-formatted events and pipe them into the spath command. It can be used with data formatted with either XML or JSON. The spath command extracts fields from self-describing data.
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